Functionalism from Classical to Contemporary Theory

Functionalism is a social theory that has its foundations in the birth of the discipline called sociology (Adams Sydie, 2002 p.05). Angste Comte, considered the founder of sociology, believed that sociological matters should be explained through scientific study. Functionalism is a method of study based primary on facts, objectively measured, essentially applying the scientific method to the study of society, social actions and interactions. Functionalism is interested in the relationships between systems within society. Functionalism is a top down theory that looks for grand scale explanations to society. As a sociological theory, Functionalism sees social structure or the organization of society as more important than the individual.†¦show more content†¦Parsons pattern variables closely resemble the work by Durkheim on division of labor that makes individuals dependent upon one another because of the professionalization and specialization of the labor force. Durkheim was concerned about how the division of labor changed the way that people felt they were part of society. Durkheim used the terms organic and mechanical societies, these would also be analogous with Max Weber’s traditional and modern society. Parsons pattern variables were more complex that the concepts by Durkheim in an attempt to better explain social action between people or groups (Adams Sydie, 2002 p.16). Parsons student, Robert Merton a mid-range theorist contributed to the modernization of sociological functionalism by challenging the foundational hypotheses of Functionalism that all functions serve a purpose or they fade from society (Adams Sydie, 2002 p.26). Merton claims that, in a differentiated modern society not all functions may be relevant to a systems needs or may they provide secondary functions. Merton’s manifest and latent functions indicate that a function that services a primary need in society could also provide a secondary service. 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Economic Growth Out of Recession - 616 Words

In 2007-2009 the recession in the U.S economy was long and deep. At some point the economic activity was reasonable in 2008, but the economy overtaken by a financial problems that could improve the economic weaknesses. The economy was recovered in mid of 2009. GDP has been in a stable path since then, although the jump has been unequal and slowed down in 2011. The high rate of long term unemployment and the labor rate has decreased the labor market. In the paragraphs below, I’m going to define the fiscal policy and explain how it could resolve the economic paths in the short term long term. Fiscal policy clarifies how the government could try to use fiscal policy to affect the economy, and reflects an economy that’s experiencing a recession. The government might lower tax rates to keep economic growth. Also if people are paying less in taxes, they might spend, or invest more money. After we increase consumer spending or investment, then it will be possible to improve economic growth. 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Bank System Operations Use Dynamic Arrays

Question: Describe about the Bank System Operations for Use Dynamic Arrays. Answer: Introduction: The project is regarding bank system operations. Normally any bank maintains the accounts of all persons and do operations on them like creating account and deleting account, depositing money into account, withdraw money from account. Like this many operations can be provided. Needs to main the accounts as lists and each account is unique with last name and account type. One person can have many accounts with different account types. Each account given one unique account number and do operations based on the account number. Every operation requires the account number. Software Development Process: Initially build the menu options so that user can choose the respective operations. For repeating the operations used while loop like this below. Used below snippet of code for building this. while(1){ cout "n"; displayMenu(); cout "Enter Choice: "; cin choice; if(choice == 8) break; switch(choice){ case 1: cout "create accountn"; break; case 2: cout "update account addressn"; break; case 3: cout "update account typen"; break; case 4: cout "display all accounts of customern"; break; case 5: cout "deposit money into accountn"; break; case 6: cout "withdraw money into accountn"; break; case 7: cout "display accounts into ascending ordern"; break; default: break; } } Below is the testing screen shot of this. Used Arrays for holding the details of accounts, each account is like on object. Developed the create account option, in this asking the details of account and generate the account number using one increament counter. After filling the details of account add this into list of accounts. Below is code snippet for this. void createAccount(){ string firstName; string lastName; string address; int accountType; cout "n"; cout "Enter First Name: "; cin firstName; cout "Enter Last Name: "; cin lastName; cout "Enter Address: "; cin address; cout "Enter Account Type(CURRENT/SAVINGS/BUSINESS, 1/2/3): "; cin accountType; if(searchByLastName(lastName, accountType) != -1){ cout "Last Name: " lastName " With Account Type: " convertAccountTypeToString(accountType) " Already Existedn"; cout "n"; return; } A_List[num_accounts] = new BankAccount(firstName, lastName, inc_account_number, address, accountType); inc_account_number++; num_accounts++; cout "n"; } Developed the code for displaying the details of accounts of one person. First ask the account holder lastname and find the accounts with lastname and display all of them. Code snippet is below for this. void displayAllAccountsOfCustomer(){ int i; string lastName; cout "n"; cout "Enter Customer Last Name: "; cin lastName; cout "n"; printf("t%-20st%-20st%-15st%-20st%-10st%-15sn", "FirstName", "LastName", "AccountNumber", "Address" ,"Balance","AccountType"); printf("t===================================================================================n"); for(i=0; inum_accounts; i++){ if(A_List[i]-getLastName().compare(lastName) == 0){ printf("t%-20s", A_List[i]-getFirstName().data()); printf("t%-20s", A_List[i]-getLastName().data()); printf("t%-15d", A_List[i]-getAccountNumber()); printf("t%-20s", A_List[i]-getAddress().data()); printf("t%-8.2f", A_List[i]-getAccountBalance()); printf("t%-15sn", convertAccountTypeToString(A_List[i]-getAccountType())); } } cout "n"; } Testing of these two pahse is below screen shot. Update the Account address and account type. Here first asked the account number and changes the respective one based on the given input. If the account is not found show error otherwise do the respective operation. The code snippet is below for this. void updateAccountAddress(){ string address; int accountNumber; int index; cout "n"; cout "Enter Account Number: "; cin accountNumber; index = searchByAccountNumber(accountNumber); if(index == -1){ cout "Account Number: " accountNumber " Does Not Existn"; cout "n"; return; } cout "Enter Address: "; cin address; A_List[index]-setAddress(address); cout "n"; } void updateAccountType(){ int accountNumber; int index; int accountType; cout "n"; cout "Enter Account Number: "; cin accountNumber; index = searchByAccountNumber(accountNumber); if(index == -1){ cout "Account Number: " accountNumber " Does Not Existn"; cout "n"; } cout "Enter Account Type(CURRENT/SAVINGS/BUSINESS, 1/2/3): "; cin accountType; A_List[index]-setAccountType(accountType); cout "n"; } The testing of these two operations is below. The screen shot showing the operations of these. Now deposit and withdraw of money from account. Request for the account number and do the respective operations. If account number not found print error otherwise do the operation. Below is the code snippet. void depositMoneyIntoAccount(){ int accountNumber; int index; double balance; cout "n"; cout "Enter Account Number: "; cin accountNumber; index = searchByAccountNumber(accountNumber); if(index == -1){ cout "Account Number: " accountNumber " Does Not Existn"; cout "n"; return; } cout "Enter The Amount: "; cin balance; balance += A_List[index]-getAccountBalance(); A_List[index]-setAccountBalance(balance); cout "n"; } void withdrawMoneyIntoAccount(){ int accountNumber; int index; double balance; cout "n"; cout "Enter Account Number: "; cin accountNumber; index = searchByAccountNumber(accountNumber); if(index == -1){ cout "Account Number: " accountNumber " Does Not Existn"; cout "n"; return; } cout "Enter The Amount: "; cin balance; balance = A_List[index]-getAccountBalance()-balance; if(balance 0){ printf("You Can't Withdraw Amount More than: %5.2fn", A_List[index]-getAccountBalance()); return; } A_List[index]-setAccountBalance(balance); cout "n"; } Testing Screen shots of this. Self Reflection: Initally for the storing the values of each account choosed class structure instead of structure for that i read about classes and it's get and setter methods and constructor forming. After created this class studied about arrays to store these list of account objects. Now i am comfortable in maintain the arrays of accounts and account object. Now i am easily do the account creation and and changing the address and type of accounts. Now it becomes easy to deposit money and withdraw money from and to account. It is all just operations in the account. Conclusion: Instead of arrays it is better to use dynamic arrays list and dynamic linkedlist for stoeinf the accounts as number of accounts can grow to any extent to it is better to use the unlimted data structures for this. Referrences: https://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes/ https://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/arrays/